I had heard over the years that an occasional mistake is made in surgery.
The resolution of the problem was to mark the site of surgery with a big X. Like on the left leg if that is the site. On the right hand, if that is the site.
Turns out that surgeons these days sign the site of the surgery in advance with their initials. Makes even more sense.
I also have always heard that when multiple surgeons work together that they have a talk session afterwards where they use utter candor to discuss everything that went right and wrong.
It might be in these conditions of utter candor where surgeons learn how to correct mistakes that some of the data about medical errors are reported. Or over-reported.
I hope that none of these confidential discussions with utter candor are used for data collection. Everyone should have a session of utter candor if it is a situation where techniques of understanding can be improved.